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“Reviving Peacebuilding Tools Ravished By Terrorism, Unilateralism, and Weapons Of Mass Destruction”

Robert C. Johansen
Kroc Institute Occasional Paper
#26:OP:1 (January 2005)

Three major developments threaten to undermine tools of peacemaking that have been developed in the latter half of the 20th century: the danger of terrorist attacks similar to those of September, 2001; the U.S. endorsement of pre-emptive and preventive war; and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. Despite difficulties, Johansen writes, the United Nations remains the most legitimate institution for developing a global strategy to address these problems and respond to humanitarian emergencies. He urges those seeking to strengthen U.N. peace operations to encourage political leaders and civil societies to revive and respect international legal constraints on the use of collective violence. He makes the case for establishment of a permanent, transnational police force to address pressing security issues.

This paper is also available in the International Journal of Peace Studies, vol. 9, no. 2 (Autumn/Winter 2004): 31-55. The institute gratefully acknowledges the IJPS for permission to simultaneously publish the paper.

Robert C. Johansen is a professor of political science and senior fellow at the Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, University of Notre Dame.

“Controlling Corruption in Post-Conflict Countries”

Emil Bolongaita
Kroc Institute Occasional Paper
#26:OP:2 (January 2005)

Corruption is one of the biggest challenges to sustaining peace. This is because post-conflict environments present great opportunities and low punitive risks for corrupt activity, Bolongaita argues. The opportunities for and scope of corruption are enhanced because post-conflict countries often attract high levels of aid. Bolongaita explains the impact of corruption, and details three tasks necessary for controlling it.

Emil Bolongaita is deputy chief of party of the Rule of Law Effectiveness Program of the U.S. Agency for International Development in the Philippines.

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