George A. Lopez and David Cortright in The UN Security Council in the Post-Cold War Era, David M. Malone, ed. (Boulder, Colorado, Lynne Reinner Publishers, 2004), 167-180.

The authors document and analyze the sanctions reform process since the mid-‘90s that was mandated by the UN Security Council and which unfolded in a variety of conferences and processes. They show how the movement toward sharper and more targeted sanctions, especially in the financial realm, lessened the negative humanitarian impact of sanctions and improved their political clout.

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